石油中的氮化物大致分為堿性氮化物和非堿性氮化物兩大類。堿性氮化物包括吡啶類、喹啉類和吖啶類化合物等，非堿性氮化物包括酰胺類、吡咯類、吲哚類、咔唑類以及金屬卟啉類化合物等。
        石油及(ji)其產品(pin)(pin)中(zhong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)含(han)量的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)分為(wei)總(zong)(zong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)堿性(xing)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。迄今(jin)為(wei)止，國內外有(you)(you)關總(zong)(zong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)已有(you)(you)數種，有(you)(you)代表(biao)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)克氏定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、杜(du)馬(ma)(ma)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、微(wei)庫侖(lun)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、化學發(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)及(ji)熱導定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)等。幾種方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)而言，對(dui)于(yu)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)含(han)量較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，熱導法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、克氏定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)杜(du)馬(ma)(ma)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)合適，但以熱導法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)為(wei)*，它不(bu)受(shou)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)化物類型的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)結(jie)果較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)可(ke)靠，且分析速度(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)快(kuai)，操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)便(bian)(bian)。相(xiang)比(bi)之下，克氏定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)杜(du)馬(ma)(ma)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)都存在著不(bu)同程度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)缺陷，如：克氏定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)對(dui)于(yu)含(han)N-O鍵(jian)和(he)N-N鍵(jian)的(de)(de)(de)化合物的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)結(jie)果往(wang)往(wang)偏低，且分析速度(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)慢；杜(du)馬(ma)(ma)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)往(wang)往(wang)因樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)燃燒不(bu)*致使結(jie)果偏高。對(dui)于(yu)低含(han)量樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，微(wei)庫侖(lun)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)化學發(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)合適，它們(men)的(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)敏(min)度(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高，分析速度(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)快(kuai)，而化學發(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)優點更為(wei)突出，它比(bi)微(wei)庫侖(lun)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)具有(you)(you)更高的(de)(de)(de)靈(ling)敏(min)度(du)(du)(du)，操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)簡便(bian)(bian)且不(bu)受(shou)樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)中(zhong)硫、氯元素的(de)(de)(de)干擾。化學發(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)是目(mu)前(qian)zui為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)低含(han)量氮(dan)(dan)(dan)（＜1％）樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。